**Long-billed white-eye (Rukia longirostra)**

A little-known island endemic from Pohnpei, remarkable for its unusually long bill compared with other white-eye species.

Context

Two small groups, each comprising approximately four individuals, were observed near a flowering tree close to Liduduhniap Falls, at an elevation of roughly 500 m above sea level.

Field notes

This species is highly active and constantly on the move, making prolonged observations difficult. Although widespread within its range, it appears relatively uncommon at its preferred elevations. During two days of hiking in the area, I observed only two small groups.

The species is not particularly vocal, and individuals usually forage in or just below the canopy, sometimes within the understorey, making them difficult to detect.

Flowering gum trees appeared to be an important feeding resource or preferred foraging site. Although the species’ diet remains poorly understood, many observations of foraging individuals have been associated with these flowers.

Key facts

The long-billed white-eye is endemic to Pohnpei and belongs to a group of island white-eyes known for rapid diversification and localized evolution.

Very little is currently known about the species’ behavior, diet, breeding biology, or ecology. More broadly, many endemic bird species from Pohnpei and Micronesia remain poorly studied.

This species possesses a noticeably elongated bill, which may represent an evolutionary adaptation linked either to a more specialized diet than that of other white-eyes or to food availability at higher elevations. Interestingly, Pohnpei also hosts a lowland white-eye species with a significantly shorter bill.

Conservation

The species is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Because it depends on mid- to high-elevation forests, habitat protection remains essential for its long-term survival.

Since the entire population is restricted to a single island, habitat degradation, invasive species, and environmental changes could rapidly affect the species in the future.

Additional field expeditions on Pohnpei are urgently needed to better understand the biology, ecology, and population trends of the island’s endemic fauna and to support effective conservation measures.